Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics

Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics

Depolarizing blockers are administered through intravenous injection. Succinylcholine is the most common choice of depolarizing blockers in emergency clinical practices. Although they have a rapid onset, they readily diffuse away from the motor end plate into the extracellular fluid. They are metabolized by enzymes such as liver butyrylcholinesterase and plasma pseudocholinesterases. This produces a short duration of action, typically 5-10 minutes long, unlike nondepolarizing blockers, which...

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Facelift Surgery in Patients With Prior Dermal Fillers and Energy-Based Device Treatments: Challenges and Strategic Considerations.

Aesthetic plastic surgery·2026

Same author

Fat Embolism Fatalities Following Liposuction/Injection in Los Angeles County (2010-2018).

The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology·2024

Same author

Commentary on: Expression of HSP70 in Human Skin After Cryolipolysis Treatment.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2023

Same author

Commentary on: Deep Subcutaneous Gluteal Fat Compartments: Anatomy and Clinical Implications.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2022

Same author

What is the Process for Breast Implant Manufacturing? Inside Eight Breast Implant Factories.

Aesthetic plastic surgery·2020

Same author

Spreader Graft Easy and Stable Fixation.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Integrating Augmented Reality Tools in Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Prognostication and Diagnosis

Integrating Augmented Reality Tools in Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Prognostication and Diagnosis

Published on: February 6, 2020

Ropivacaine in Breast Augmentation Surgery.

Héctor César Durán-Vega¹, Arturo Ramírez-Montañana², Octavio Gonzalez Galindo³

¹Cirujano Plástico Estético y Reconstructivo, Certificado por el AMCPER, ASAPS, ISAPS; FILACP; ASPS, Centro Medico de las Américas, Mérida, Yucatán, México.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open

|June 21, 2018

Summary

Ropivacaine breast pocket irrigation effectively reduced early postoperative pain after breast augmentation surgery. This method offers a safe alternative to traditional pain management, improving patient recovery.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility

Published on: August 9, 2024

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial

Published on: August 19, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Integrating Augmented Reality Tools in Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Prognostication and Diagnosis

Integrating Augmented Reality Tools in Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Prognostication and Diagnosis

Published on: February 6, 2020

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility

Published on: August 9, 2024

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial

Published on: August 19, 2025

Area of Science:

Plastic Surgery
Pain Management
Anesthesiology

Background:

Breast augmentation is a popular plastic surgery procedure.
Traditional pain management involves NSAIDs and narcotics with adverse effects.
Research is ongoing for safer and effective pain control alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of ropivacaine breast pocket irrigation for pain control.
To assess pain levels in the early postoperative hours following primary breast augmentation.

Main Methods:

A multicenter, prospective, double-blind, randomized trial was conducted.
52 patients undergoing primary breast augmentation served as their own controls.
One breast received ropivacaine irrigation, the other a placebo, with oral analgesics administered to all.

Main Results:

Ropivacaine irrigation significantly reduced pain at 90 and 120 minutes postoperatively (P=0.027 and P=0.022).
No significant difference in pain reduction was observed based on anesthesia type (general vs. epidural).

Conclusions:

Ropivacaine breast pocket irrigation is a safe and effective method for diminishing early postoperative pain.
This technique presents a viable alternative to conventional analgesic approaches in breast augmentation.