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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Bioelectrochemistry
  • Materials Science and Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Extracellular electron transfer (EET) by electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) is crucial for microbial fuel cells (MFCs).
  • Studying EET mechanisms in complex natural biofilms is challenging, limiting MFC performance enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simplified 1D model system for studying EET mechanisms.
  • To establish structure-function correlations by controlling microenvironments and bacterial interactions.
  • To investigate the impact of bacterial density and interconnections on conductivity and EET efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of core/shell EAB-encapsulating cables.
  • In situ optical and ex situ electron microscopy for structural analysis.
  • Electrical conductivity measurements under varying conditions (bacteria density, electron acceptors).
  • Frequency-dependent conductivity measurements to probe electron transfer mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial cables exhibited conductivity dependent on bacteria density and interconnections (2.5-16.2 mS·cm⁻¹).
  • Closely contacted bacteria under limited electron acceptors promoted nanomaterial formation and increased EET efficiency (16.2 mS·cm⁻¹).
  • High concentrations of soluble electron acceptors suppressed interconnections and reduced conductivity (2.5 mS·cm⁻¹).
  • EET in EAB networks showed characteristics similar to electron hopping in conductive polymers.

Conclusions:

  • The bacterial cable model system allows rational control over microenvironments and cellular interactions for EET studies.
  • Bacterial density and interconnections significantly influence conductivity and EET efficiency in EAB networks.
  • Understanding EET mechanisms through this model can guide the design of improved bioelectrochemical systems.