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The relationship between circulating testosterone and inflammatory cytokines in men
Nur-Vaizura Mohamad1, Sok Kuan Wong1, Wan Nuraini Wan Hasan1
1a Department of Pharmacology , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.
Summary
Testosterone may reduce inflammation by lowering pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, more research is needed to confirm testosterone's anti-inflammatory effects and its use in managing chronic inflammatory diseases.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Immunology
- Metabolic Health
Background:
- Testosterone is the primary male androgen.
- Low testosterone is linked to increased metabolic risk and systemic inflammation.
- Adipose tissue's role in inflammation suggests testosterone may regulate inflammatory processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of testosterone in inflammation.
- To explore the mechanisms of testosterone's action on inflammation.
Main Methods:
- Review of animal and human studies.
- Analysis of testosterone's effects on pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Main Results:
- Testosterone deficiency correlates with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines.
- Testosterone substitution therapy reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines.
- Observed reduction in inflammation markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and increase in anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10) in conditions like coronary artery disease, prostate cancer, and diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions:
- Testosterone exhibits potential anti-inflammatory properties.
- The extent of testosterone's anti-inflammatory effect requires further investigation.
- More evidence is necessary to establish testosterone as a reliable marker or therapeutic agent for chronic inflammatory diseases.
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