Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...

Stereoisomerism

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...

Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

THRIVE: A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Study of Veligrotug for Active Thyroid Eye Disease.

Ophthalmology·2026

Same author

Unveiling the psychological impact of visual impairment in young and middle-aged adults: a concept mapping study.

BMC psychology·2026

Same author

Management of Visual Loss Following Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injections: An Algorithm-based Approach.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open·2026

Same author

Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Features, Molecular Advances and Current Management.

Clinical & experimental ophthalmology·2026

Same author

Assessment of disease activity in Graves' orbitopathy.

Frontiers in ophthalmology·2025

Same author

Horizontal Palpebral Fissure Best Predicts Subjective Facial Asymmetry in Unilateral Anophthalmia/Microphthalmia.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery·2025

Same journal

Orbital Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with Bispecific T-Cell Engager Therapy: Case and Literature Review.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026

Same journal

A Rare Pedunculated Lobular Capillary Hemangioma of the Conjunctiva.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026

Same journal

Core Oculoplastic Procedure Skills for the Comprehensive Ophthalmologist: A Consensus by Delphi Methodology.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026

Same journal

The Role of Corneal Sensation in Facial Nerve Paralysis.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026

Same journal

Lacrimal Gland Dacryolithiasis With Secondary Bacterial Dacryoadenitis: Clinicoradiological Characterization and Review of Literature.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026

Same journal

Aprepitant for Oculoplastic Surgeries.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Rat Model of Photochemically-Induced Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Rat Model of Photochemically-Induced Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Published on: November 29, 2015

Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy.

Peerooz Saeed¹, Shahzad Tavakoli Rad, Peter H L T Bisschop

¹Departments of Ophthalmology and Endocrinology, Orbital Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

|June 22, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) management is complex. Intravenous methylprednisolone is the first-line treatment, but optimal timing for bony orbital decompression and the role of biologic agents require further study.

More Related Videos

The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy rNAION

The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy rNAION

Published on: November 20, 2016

Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies

Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies

Published on: October 7, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Rat Model of Photochemically-Induced Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Rat Model of Photochemically-Induced Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Published on: November 29, 2015

The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy rNAION

The Rodent Model of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy rNAION

Published on: November 20, 2016

Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies

Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies

Published on: October 7, 2021

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Endocrinology
Neurology

Background:

Dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) is a severe complication of Graves orbitopathy, potentially causing irreversible vision loss.
The exact pathogenesis and optimal management strategies for DON remain subjects of debate.
DON necessitates a multidisciplinary approach due to its complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of the current understanding of Dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON).
To present a therapeutic guideline for managing DON.
To address the controversies surrounding DON pathogenesis and treatment.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive review of existing medical literature.
Analysis of studies on DON pathogenesis and treatment modalities.
Evaluation of evidence for different therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

DON pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving optic nerve compression, stretching, orbital pressure, vascular issues, and inflammation.
High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone and bony orbital decompression (2-wall or 3-wall) have shown efficacy in improving visual function.
Limited case reports suggest potential benefits of biologic agents in improving visual function in DON patients.

Conclusions:

DON is a complex condition requiring a multidisciplinary approach for diagnosis and management.
Intravenous methylprednisolone is the current first-line treatment for DON.
Further systematic research is needed to determine the optimal timing for bony orbital decompression and the efficacy of biologic agents in DON treatment.