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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

269
In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
269
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

239
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

287
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model
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Published on: April 18, 2011

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Obesity in Pediatric Trauma.

Philip Ashley1, Shawn R Gilbert1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1600 7th Avenue South, Lowder 316, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.

The Orthopedic Clinics of North America
|June 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Obese children with high-energy injuries face more severe outcomes, including increased complications and mortality. This highlights obesity as a significant risk factor in pediatric trauma care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Obesity Medicine

Background:

  • Obesity is a growing concern in pediatric populations.
  • Obesity impacts bone health and fracture risk.
  • High-energy injuries in children require specialized care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of obesity on pediatric high-energy injuries.
  • To identify specific injury patterns and complications in obese children.
  • To assess the association between obesity and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with high-energy injuries.
  • Comparison of outcomes between obese and non-obese children.
  • Data collection on injury severity, fracture types, complications, and mortality.
Keywords:
FractureObesityPediatricTrauma

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Main Results:

  • Obese children sustained more severe injuries and extremity fractures.
  • Higher Injury Severity Scores were observed in obese pediatric patients.
  • Increased risk of complications, prolonged ventilation, ICU stay, and mortality in obese children.
  • Obesity linked to altered bone mass, higher fracture rates, and specific fracture patterns (forearm, supracondylar, lateral condyle, femur, foot/ankle).

Conclusions:

  • Obesity significantly worsens outcomes for children with high-energy injuries.
  • Obesity is associated with increased injury severity, complications, and mortality.
  • Healthcare providers should consider obesity as a critical factor in managing pediatric trauma.