Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 8, 2026
04:00
Author Spotlight: Establishing a Practical and Cost-Effective Protocol for Corneal Sensitivity Testing in Clinical Settings
Published on: August 2, 2024
3.2K
Corneal Morphologic Characteristics in Patients With Down Syndrome
Jorge L Alio1,2,3, Alfredo Vega-Estrada1,2,3, Pablo Sanz1
1Division of Ophthalmology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
JAMA Ophthalmology
|June 23, 2018
Summary
Patients with Down syndrome (DS) frequently exhibit corneal irregularities indicative of keratoconus. Early detection through detailed eye exams is crucial to prevent vision loss in this population.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Genetics
- Corneal Diseases
Background:
- Down syndrome (DS) is associated with a high prevalence of corneal morphologic abnormalities.
- These abnormalities can lead to significant visual impairment if not addressed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize abnormal corneal features in patients with Down syndrome.
- To compare these features with a healthy control group.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter case-control study involving 112 participants with DS and 105 controls.
- Corneal topography was assessed using Placido disc/Scheimpflug imaging (Sirius, CSO).
- Evaluated parameters included visual acuity, refractive error, and anterior/posterior corneal characteristics.
Main Results:
- 71.3% of patients with DS showed corneal characteristics compatible with keratoconus.
- Patients with DS had significantly steeper corneas (47.35 D vs 43.70 D) and thinner corneas (503 μm vs 545 μm) compared to controls.
- Increased corneal aberrations were noted in the DS group.
Conclusions:
- Patients with Down syndrome exhibit significantly altered corneal topography, including features consistent with keratoconus.
- Comprehensive corneal examinations are recommended for individuals with DS to facilitate early diagnosis and management of keratoconus, thereby preventing visual impairment.
Related Concept Videos
01:23Characteristics of Life
262.3K
Biology is a natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their structure, function, development, interactions, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy. The field's scope is extensive and divided into several specialized disciplines, such as anatomy, physiology, ethology, genetics, and many more. All living things share a few key traits, including cellular organization, heritable genetic material and the ability to adapt/evolve, metabolism to regulate energy needs, the...
262.3K
01:20Characteristics of Fluids
8.2K
When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
8.2K
01:31Characteristics of Fluids
1.1K
Fluids differ from solids primarily in their molecular structure and stress response. Solids have tightly packed molecules with strong intermolecular forces, maintaining their shape and resisting deformation. In contrast, fluids have molecules spaced farther apart with weaker forces, allowing them to flow and deform easily.
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
1.1K
01:17Characteristics of BJT
1.3K
The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT), specifically in a common-emitter configuration, exhibits distinct current-voltage characteristics crucial for understanding its behavior in electronic circuits. These characteristics are established through experimental measurements of voltage and current relationships.
For input characteristics, the base-emitter voltage is varied, maintaining a constant collector-emitter voltage. This setup reveals a Shockley-type dependence of the collector current on...
For input characteristics, the base-emitter voltage is varied, maintaining a constant collector-emitter voltage. This setup reveals a Shockley-type dependence of the collector current on...
1.3K
01:21Characteristics of JFET
1.3K
Junction Field Effect Transistors (JFETs) exhibit specific operational characteristics based on the relationship between the drain current (id) and the drain-source voltage (Vds), along with varying gate-source voltages (Vgs).
The core of a JFET's operation is controlling drain current by modulating the gate-source voltage. When the drain and gate voltage are set to zero, the JFET exhibits no net current flow, representing a state of equilibrium. The drain current increases linearly as the...
The core of a JFET's operation is controlling drain current by modulating the gate-source voltage. When the drain and gate voltage are set to zero, the JFET exhibits no net current flow, representing a state of equilibrium. The drain current increases linearly as the...
1.3K
01:26Desirable Characteristics in Others
124
Various factors, including the type of relationship, gender, and duration of the relationship, influence the perception of desirable characteristics in others. While certain traits such as trustworthiness, cooperativeness, agreeableness, and extraversion are universally valued across all relationships, other characteristics are context-dependent and gain prominence based on specific relational dynamics.Universal and Context-Dependent TraitsTrustworthiness and cooperativeness are fundamental...
124