Calcium Phosphate Silicate and Calcium Silicate Cements Suppressing Osteoclasts Activity Through Cytokine Regulation

Calcium phosphate silicate bone cement (CPSC) can stimulate osteoblast proliferation and promote osteogenesis, but how CPSC supress osteoclast activity through cytokine regulation is not clear. In the current study, we synthesized CPSC by incorporating monocalcium phosphate (MCP) into calcium silicate cement (CSC), and analyzed the effects of CSC and CPSC on osteoclast survival with MTT. And we found that both CSC and CPSC medium could decrease osteoclast cell viability, and flow cytometry further revealed that CSC and CPSC could inhibit osteoclast activity. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, related gene and protein level of cytokines that related to osteoclast activity were evaluted. The results demonstrated that osteoclast activity was inhibited in cells treated with cement. The effects were associated with a number of cytokines stimulated by cement. In conclusion, both CSC and CPSC seem to be good substitutes of bone replacement by inhibiting osteoclast activity; the exact mechanism of how they promote bone growth, however, needs further investigations.