Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Student t Distribution

Student t Distribution

The population standard deviation is rarely known in many day-to-day examples of statistics. When the sample sizes are large, it is easy to estimate the population standard deviation using a confidence interval, which provides results close enough to the original value. However, statisticians ran into problems when the sample size was small. A small sample size caused inaccuracies in the confidence interval.
The Student t distribution was developed by William S. Goset (1876–1937) of the...

Microsoft Excel: Student's t-Test

Microsoft Excel: Student's t-Test

Student's t-test in Microsoft Excel is a statistical method used to compare the means of two groups to determine if they are significantly different from each other. It's commonly used to evaluate hypotheses, such as testing whether a treatment has an effect compared to a control group. Excel provides built-in functions to perform t-tests, making it accessible for users needing to conduct basic statistical analysis.
To conduct a t-test in Excel, use the T.TEST function or the "Data...

Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test

Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test

The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the sample mean with a population mean or compare two means from two data sets. The test statistic is calculated from the standard deviation, mean, and number of measurements in the data set at a selected confidence interval and then compared to a table of critical values at this confidence level. If the test statistic is smaller than the critical value, the null hypothesis is accepted. In this case, we state that the difference between the...

Nursing Interventions I: Taxonomy of Nursing Interventions

Nursing Interventions I: Taxonomy of Nursing Interventions

Nursing interventions are chosen as part of the planning process to achieve patient outcomes. Once nursing diagnoses are determined, the goals and outcomes are specified, then the nursing interventions are selected and individualized according to the patient's situation.
A nursing intervention is a treatment or action based on scientific concepts and knowledge from the nursing, behavioral, and physical sciences. Identifying and prioritizing nursing interventions based on the desired outcome...

Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions

Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions

Creating and executing a nursing diagnosis helps nurses plan care and guide patient, family, and community interventions. They are developed based on a patient's physical evaluation and support measuring the outcomes. It is not recommended to select random interventions throughout the planning process. Instead, consider the following six essential factors when choosing interventions:

Nursing Evaluation

Nursing Evaluation

The evaluation stage signals the end of the nursing process. The nurse gathers evaluative data to assess whether or not the patient has attained the expected results. Whereas the nurse collects data in the nursing assessment to identify the patient's health concerns, the evaluation stage data determines if the indicated health issues are resolved. Evaluative data collection includes two sections: the data acquired to evaluate patient outcomes and the time criteria for data collection.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Ensuring a Successful Preceptorship.

The American journal of nursing·2019

Same author

Helping Students to Be Gritty.

The American journal of nursing·2018

Same author

Promoting Nursing Students' Ethical Development in the Clinical Setting.

The American journal of nursing·2017

Same author

Supporting Adjunct Clinical Faculty.

The American journal of nursing·2017

Same author

Teaching Students to Administer Medications Safely.

The American journal of nursing·2016

Same author

Strategies for Successful Clinical Teaching.

The American journal of nursing·2016

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Using Learning Outcome Measures to assess Doctoral Nursing Education

Using Learning Outcome Measures to assess Doctoral Nursing Education

Published on: June 21, 2010

Nursing Instructor Incivility Toward Students.

Linda Koharchik¹

¹Linda Koharchik is a clinical assistant professor and director of adjunct faculty and clinical affairs at Duquesne University School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA. Contact author: koharchikl@duq.edu. The author has disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

The American Journal of Nursing

|June 30, 2018

Summary

Instructor incivility in nursing education negatively impacts students. This article explores reasons, outcomes, and solutions for fostering a positive learning environment for nursing students and graduates.

More Related Videos

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience

Published on: November 15, 2024

Author Spotlight: Addressing Technical and Subjective Challenges in Measuring Classroom Attention

Author Spotlight: Addressing Technical and Subjective Challenges in Measuring Classroom Attention

Published on: December 15, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Using Learning Outcome Measures to assess Doctoral Nursing Education

Using Learning Outcome Measures to assess Doctoral Nursing Education

Published on: June 21, 2010

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience

Published on: November 15, 2024

Author Spotlight: Addressing Technical and Subjective Challenges in Measuring Classroom Attention

Author Spotlight: Addressing Technical and Subjective Challenges in Measuring Classroom Attention

Published on: December 15, 2023

Area of Science:

Nursing Education
Clinical Faculty Development
Healthcare Professional Training

Background:

Adjunct clinical faculty and preceptors are crucial for nursing education.
Effective knowledge application in clinical settings is vital for nursing students and new graduates.
Instructor incivility poses a significant challenge in educational environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the phenomenon of instructor incivility in nursing education.
To identify the underlying causes and consequences of uncivil behavior by instructors.
To propose strategies for addressing and remediating instructor incivility.

Main Methods:

Literature review on instructor behaviors in clinical settings.
Analysis of the impact of incivility on student learning and well-being.
Exploration of pedagogical approaches to promote respectful interactions.

Main Results:

Instructor incivility can stem from various factors, including stress and lack of training.
Negative outcomes include decreased student engagement, learning, and retention.
Remediation requires institutional support and faculty development.

Conclusions:

Addressing instructor incivility is essential for effective nursing education.
Creating a supportive and respectful learning environment benefits students and faculty.
Proactive strategies are needed to prevent and manage uncivil behaviors in clinical settings.