Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026
05:54
A Mouse Model of Mechanotransduction-driven, Human-like Hypertrophic Scarring
Published on: November 29, 2024
2.2K
Classic and Hypertrophic Vulvar Lichen Planus.
Tania Day1,2, Julie Weigner3, James Scurry1,3
1Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease
|July 12, 2018
Summary
Vulvar lichen planus (LP) on keratinized skin presents diverse clinicopathologic appearances. Hypertrophic LP shows distinct features compared to classic and nonspecific types, highlighting diagnostic challenges.
Area of Science:
- Dermatopathology
- Gynecologic Dermatology
Background:
- Vulvar lichen planus (LP) encompasses erosive, classic, and hypertrophic subtypes.
- The clinicopathologic features of classic and hypertrophic LP on keratinized vulvar skin are not well-defined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe and compare the clinicopathologic characteristics of hypertrophic, classic, and nonspecific lichenoid dermatosis on keratinized vulvar skin.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 63 vulvar skin biopsies diagnosed as LP or lichenoid between 2011-2017.
- Cases were classified as hypertrophic LP, classic LP, or nonspecific lichenoid dermatosis based on histopathologic findings.
- Clinical data and histopathologic features were analyzed and compared between groups using descriptive statistics and Fisher exact test.
Main Results:
- Of 63 cases, 46% were hypertrophic LP, 33% classic LP, and 21% nonspecific lichenoid dermatosis.
- Hypertrophic LP was associated with redness, diffuse appearance, scale crust, and plasma cells, differentiating it from classic and nonspecific LP.
- Nonspecific lichenoid dermatosis shared clinical features with classic LP but often lacked dense lymphocytic infiltrate and exocytosis.
Conclusions:
- Vulvar LP on keratinized skin exhibits varied appearances, posing diagnostic challenges.
- Further investigation is needed to elucidate the natural history of hypertrophic LP and clarify the diagnosis of nonspecific lichenoid cases.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Classical Conditioning
2.3K
Associative learning, a core principle in behavioral psychology, involves forming connections between events and facilitating learned responses. This concept is vividly illustrated by classical conditioning, a process extensively studied by the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov's pioneering research on dogs' digestive systems led to the discovery that behaviors can be learned through association, laying the groundwork for classical conditioning.
Ivan Pavlov observed that dogs...
Ivan Pavlov observed that dogs...
2.3K
01:29Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
506
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
506
01:23Principles of Classical Conditioning
1.9K
Classical conditioning, as described by Ivan Pavlov, is a foundational concept in associative learning, where a neutral stimulus becomes capable of eliciting a conditioned response through association with an unconditioned stimulus. The process of acquisition, where this learning occurs, and the subsequent phenomena of contiguity, contingency, generalization, discrimination, extinction, and spontaneous recovery are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of classical conditioning.
During the...
During the...
1.9K
01:17Classical Conditioning in Daily Life
2.3K
Classical conditioning, a fundamental principle of associative learning, explains various phenomena observed in daily life, such as fear development, the placebo effect, taste aversion, and drug habituation. These applications demonstrate the profound impact of associative learning on human behavior and physiological responses.
John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner famously demonstrated the development of fear through classical conditioning in their experiment with Little Albert. They paired the...
John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner famously demonstrated the development of fear through classical conditioning in their experiment with Little Albert. They paired the...
2.3K
01:15Real-World Application of Classical Conditioning
1.4K
Classical conditioning not only includes the initial pairing of stimuli but also extends to more complex forms, such as higher-order conditioning. Higher-order conditioning involves creating associations beyond the primary conditioned stimulus, resulting in a chain of conditioned responses.
Higher-order, or second-order, conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an already established conditioned stimulus through repeated pairings. For instance, if a dog has been...
Higher-order, or second-order, conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an already established conditioned stimulus through repeated pairings. For instance, if a dog has been...
1.4K
02:17Ecological Succession
21.6K
Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species create more favorable ecological conditions for subsequent species, such as enhanced nutrient, water, or light availability. In contrast, inhibition happens when early successional species create unfavorable ecological conditions for potential successive species, such as limiting resource availability. In some cases, later successional species...
21.6K