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Related Concept Videos

Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

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Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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A number of natural and synthetic materials exhibit selective permeation, meaning that only molecules or ions of a certain size, shape, polarity, charge, and so forth, are capable of passing through (permeating) the material. Biological cell membranes provide elegant examples of selective permeation in nature, while dialysis tubing used to remove metabolic wastes from blood is a more simplistic technological example. Regardless of how they may be fabricated, these materials are generally...
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Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
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A strong acid is a compound that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution and produces a concentration of hydronium ions equal to the initial concentration of acid. For example, 0.20 M hydrobromic acid will dissociate completely in water and produces 0.20 M of hydronium ions and 0.20 M of bromide ions.
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Free expansion of a gas is an adiabatic process. However, there are few differences between free expansion and adiabatic expansion. During free expansion, no work is done, and there is no change in internal energy. But, for an adiabatic expansion, work is done, and there is a change in internal energy. During an adiabatic process, the relation between the pressure and volume is obtained from the condition for the adiabatic process, that is,
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Hydrostatic force is a fluid's total force at rest on a surface. For a horizontal surface submerged at a fixed depth, the pressure is constant and calculated as the product of fluid density, gravitational acceleration, and depth. In the case of a vertical dam wall submerged in water, this force is not evenly distributed due to the increasing pressure with depth. This variation arises from the cumulative weight of the water above each point. Integration is used to account for the continuous...
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Pressure Insensitive Strain Sensor with Facile Solution-Based Process for Tactile Sensing Applications.

Jinwon Oh, Jun Chang Yang, Jin-Oh Kim

    ACS Nano
    |July 12, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel tactile sensor made from multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) that distinguishes between pressure and strain. The sensor shows high sensitivity to strain but minimal response to pressure, enabling advanced robotic and wearable applications.

    Keywords:
    electrical impedance tomographypressure insensitivesolution processstrain sensortactile sensor

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Nanotechnology
    • Robotics

    Background:

    • Mimicking human skin's tactile sensing capabilities requires sensors that can differentiate various inputs.
    • Existing tactile sensors often struggle to decouple pressure from strain effectively.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an all-solution processable tactile sensor that is insensitive to pressure but highly sensitive to strain.
    • To demonstrate the sensor's ability to differentiate between different tactile inputs and map strain spatially.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) network within a solution-processable material.
    • Investigated the sensor's response to varying levels of applied strain and pressure.
    • Employed electrical impedance tomography for spatial strain mapping.

    Main Results:

    • The sensor exhibited a significant resistance change (gauge factor ~56 at 70% strain) under tensile strain due to microcrack formation.
    • Negligible resistance change was observed under pressures up to 140 kPa, attributed to pore closure.
    • Successfully differentiated between shear stress and normal pressure.
    • Demonstrated spatial mapping of local strain without patterned electrodes.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed MWCNT-based sensor effectively differentiates tactile inputs by leveraging distinct structural responses to strain and pressure.
    • Its solution processability and ability to conform to irregular shapes make it suitable for robotic hands and wearable devices.
    • The sensor represents a significant advancement for high-performance tactile sensing technologies.