Marijuana intoxication in a cat

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Toxicology
• Cannabinoid Pharmacology
• Feline Medicine

Background:

• Cannabis, containing psychoactive delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is a common drug of abuse.
• While animal intoxications are rare, dogs are most frequently affected, often through accidental ingestion.
• Exposure can also occur via inhalation of marijuana smoke.

Observation:

• A 6-year-old Persian cat presented with psychomotor agitation and aggression, recurring after initial recovery.
• Clinical signs included symmetric mydriasis, scleral congestion, and alternating states of agitation and apathy.
• The cat's owner reported exposure to marijuana smoke.

Findings:

• Blood toxicology confirmed delta-9-THC (5.5 ng/mL), 11-hydroxy-delta-9-THC (1.2 ng/mL), and 11-carboxy-delta-9-THC (13.8 ng/mL).
• The cat recovered after supportive care including parenteral fluids.
• This is the first report detailing clinical findings and blood concentrations of THC and its metabolites in a feline case.

Implications:

• This case establishes a precedent for feline delta-9-THC intoxication diagnosis.
• Veterinarians should consider cannabis exposure in cats presenting with neurological and behavioral changes.
• Awareness of environmental risks, such as secondhand marijuana smoke, is crucial for pet owners.