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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

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Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

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Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.
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Vibrio spp. infections.

Craig Baker-Austin1, James D Oliver2,3, Munirul Alam4

  • 1Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Weymouth, UK. craig.baker-austin@cefas.co.uk.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Vibrio bacteria cause human infections like cholera and vibriosis, often from contaminated water or seafood. Rising sea temperatures may increase the incidence of these serious Vibrio infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Vibrio bacteria are widespread in aquatic environments, with over 100 species identified.
  • Approximately 12 Vibrio species are pathogenic to humans, causing diseases such as cholera and vibriosis.
  • Vibrio cholerae causes cholera, a severe diarrheal illness, while non-cholera Vibrio species cause vibriosis, typically through contaminated seafood or seawater exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the spectrum of human Vibrio infections.
  • To discuss the transmission routes and clinical manifestations of Vibrio infections.
  • To highlight treatment strategies and prevention measures for Vibrio-related illnesses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Vibrio infections.
  • Analysis of clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes.
  • Examination of epidemiological trends and contributing factors.

Main Results:

  • Vibrio infections range from mild gastroenteritis to severe, life-threatening conditions like cholera and V. vulnificus-associated septicemia.
  • Treatment varies by pathogen, including rehydration for cholera, debridement for V. vulnificus wounds, and antibiotics for severe infections.
  • Outbreaks are often linked to water contamination, while rising sea temperatures may contribute to increasing vibriosis incidence.

Conclusions:

  • Vibrio infections pose a significant public health threat, necessitating effective prevention and treatment strategies.
  • Cholera remains a concern, especially after natural disasters, despite available vaccines.
  • The rising incidence of vibriosis, potentially linked to climate change, warrants further investigation and public health attention.