Estimated glomerular filtration rate after nephrectomy for Wilms tumor

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Oncology
• Nephrology
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Non-syndromic Wilms tumor (NSWT) often requires unilateral nephrectomy, raising concerns about long-term kidney function.
• Assessing residual kidney function is crucial for patient outcomes after Wilms tumor treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the long-term estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients who underwent unilateral nephrectomy for NSWT.
• To determine if kidney function declines or if chronic kidney disease develops in adulthood following this procedure.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of nine patients with NSWT who underwent unilateral nephrectomy and were followed until adulthood (≥18 years).
• Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was measured in childhood (3-10 years), adolescence (11-17 years), and adulthood (≥18 years).

Main Results:

• Mean eGFR remained stable across childhood (101.3 mL/min/1.73 m²), adolescence (106.0 mL/min/1.73 m²), and adulthood (100.5 mL/min/1.73 m²).
• No significant changes in eGFR were observed over the evaluated life stages.
• None of the patients met the criteria for chronic kidney disease by early adulthood.

Conclusions:

• Unilateral nephrectomy for NSWT allows for sustained adequate kidney function into early adulthood.
• Patients demonstrate preserved eGFR levels, indicating no significant long-term renal impairment or development of chronic kidney disease post-surgery.