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Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

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The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
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Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

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Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests01:24

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests

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Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
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Types of Hormones02:13

Types of Hormones

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Hormones can be classified into three main types based on their chemical structures: steroids, peptides, and amines. Their actions are mediated by the specific receptors they bind to on target cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
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Association Between Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Renal Function: a Mendelian Randomization Study.

Chi Chen, Fangzhen Xia, Yi Chen

    Kidney & Blood Pressure Research
    |July 18, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are not causally linked. Mendelian randomization analysis indicates genetically elevated TSH does not impact kidney function.

    Keywords:
    EpidemiologyEstimated glomerular filtration rateMendelian randomizationThyroid-stimulating hormone

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    An Ex vivo Culture System to Study Thyroid Development
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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Nephrology
    • Genetic Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Observational studies suggest a link between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
    • Causality remains unclear due to potential confounding and reverse causation in traditional epidemiological studies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the causal relationship between TSH and eGFR using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
    • To determine if genetically influenced TSH levels affect kidney function.

    Main Methods:

    • A Mendelian randomization analysis was performed on 10,603 participants from the SPECT-China study.
    • Weighted genetic risk scores (GRS) for TSH were constructed using TSH-related single nucleotide polymorphisms.
    • Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD-EPI formula; instrumental variables (IV) were employed.

    Main Results:

    • Multivariable analysis showed higher measured TSH associated with lower eGFR (B -0.717).
    • MR analysis revealed TSH_GRS significantly associated with TSH but not with eGFR (B -0.127).
    • No causal associations between genetically instrumented TSH and eGFR were observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Mendelian randomization analysis suggests no causal association between TSH and eGFR.
    • Genetically elevated TSH concentrations do not appear to influence renal function.
    • This genetic approach mitigates confounding and reverse causation inherent in observational studies.