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Genomics for Ruminants in Developing Countries: From Principles to Practice.

Vincent Ducrocq1, Denis Laloe1, Marimuthu Swaminathan2

  • 1Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

Frontiers in Genetics
|July 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomic selection (GS) offers a cost-effective way to improve livestock in developing countries by leveraging genetic information. This approach enhances animal breeding, manages genetic diversity, and boosts farming system resilience.

Keywords:
IndiaNGOadaptationcapacity buildingdairy cattlegenetic resourcesgenomic selection

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Area of Science:

  • Animal breeding and genetics
  • Genomics
  • Agricultural development

Background:

  • Genomic selection (GS) enables genetic relationship assessment without traditional pedigree recording.
  • Limited adoption of genomic tools in developing countries is due to data recording, focus on fitness traits, and expertise requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential and challenges of implementing genomic selection in developing countries.
  • To analyze a pilot genomic selection program in India as a case study.
  • To propose recommendations for the adoption of genomic tools in developing country animal breeding.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing genomic information for characterizing and comparing ruminant populations.
  • Establishing genetic relationships using genotyping data.
  • Analyzing a pilot GS program in India involving a female reference population of *Bos indicus* and crossbreds.

Main Results:

  • Genomic selection can be implemented with a subset of the population, bypassing costly national infrastructures.
  • Potential benefits extend beyond genetic improvement to farming system resilience, genetic diversity management, and understanding adaptation.
  • A pilot program in India uses modern technology for low-cost performance recording in small herds.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic selection presents a viable strategy for enhancing livestock in developing nations.
  • Addressing challenges in data management, fitness trait focus, and expertise is crucial for successful implementation.
  • The study provides a framework and recommendations for integrating genomic tools into developing country animal breeding programs.