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Using Reflexive Thinking to Establish Rigor in Qualitative Research
Horst Rettke1, Manuela Pretto, Elisabeth Spichiger
1Horst Rettke, PhD, RN, is Clinical Nurse Scientist, Centre for Clinical Nursing Science, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. Manuela Pretto, MNSc, RN, is Surgical Clinical Nurse Specialist, Surgery Department, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland. Elisabeth Spichiger, PD, PhD, RN, is Scientific Collaborator and Lecturer, Directorate of Nursing, Medical-Technical and Medical-Therapeutic Areas, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, and Institute of Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, University Basel, Switzerland. Irena Anna Frei, PhD, RN, is Head, Practice Development Unit, Department of Nursing and Allied Health Professions, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland. Rebecca Spirig, PhD, RN, is Director of Nursing and Allied Health Care Professions and Lecturer, Department of Nursing and Allied Health Professions, University Hospital Zurich, and Institute of Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, University Basel, Switzerland.
Background:
Reflexivity can be helpful in developing the methodological rigor necessary to attaining trustworthy qualitative study results.
Objectives:
The aim of this study was to evaluate strategies of critical reflexive thinking during a qualitative enquiry rooted in a mixed-methods study.
Methods:
Guided by the questions of Rolfe and colleagues from 2001 ("what," "so what," and "now what"), we applied reflexive thinking to all aspects of the investigation.
Results:
Critical reflexive thinking strongly supported our efforts to establish methodological rigor and helped reveal shortcomings.
Discussion:
Effective strategical use of reflexive thinking takes concerted effort. Both time and space are essential to applying reflexive thinking throughout the qualitative research process.
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