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A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors
Published on: December 7, 2014
Regorafenib
Thomas J Ettrich1, Thomas Seufferlein2
1Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
Abstract:
Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506, Stivarga®) is an oral diphenylurea multi-kinase inhibitor that targets angiogenic (VEGFR1-3, TIE2), stromal (PDGFR-β, FGFR), and oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases (KIT, RET, and RAF). Regorafenib is the first small-molecule multi-kinase inhibitor to achieve survival benefits in metastatic colorectal cancer that has progressed after all standard therapies. Consequently, Regorafenib was FDA approved for this indication in 2012. In addition, Regorafenib treatment resulted in a significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) compared to placebo in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) after progression on standard treatments and is also FDA-approved in this indication since 2013. In 2017, Regorafenib has been FDA approved for the treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) previously treated with Sorafenib. In this situation, Regorafenib significantly improved PFS and overall survival (OS) compared to placebo. Regorafenib has also been examined in several clinical trials (mostly phase II) in different tumor entities, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC), soft-tissue sarcoma (STS), and additional phase II trials ongoing (e.g., second- and third-line treatment for medullary thyroid cancer, NCT02657551).
Insights
Regorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, offers survival benefits for patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It targets key kinases involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Regorafenib is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting angiogenic, stromal, and oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases.
- It represents a significant advancement in small-molecule targeted therapies for various cancers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the efficacy and FDA approvals of Regorafenib in specific cancer indications.
- To highlight its role in treating refractory metastatic colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical trial data and FDA approval history for Regorafenib.
- Analysis of Regorafenib's mechanism of action as a multi-kinase inhibitor.
Main Results:
- Regorafenib demonstrated survival benefits in metastatic colorectal cancer, leading to FDA approval in 2012.
- Significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) was observed in metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
- Regorafenib is FDA-approved for GIST (2013) and HCC (2017) after prior treatments.
Conclusions:
- Regorafenib is an effective therapeutic option for patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer, GIST, and HCC.
- Ongoing trials are exploring its utility in other tumor types like renal cell carcinoma and soft-tissue sarcoma.
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