EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS ACCORDING TO AGE GROUP
Lenycia de Cassya Lopes Neri1, Denise Pimentel Bergamaschi1, Luiz Vicente Ribeiro Ferreira da Silva Filho1
1Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Insights
Most cystic fibrosis patients have good nutritional status and adequate nutrient intake, though some school-aged children are underweight. Further research on preschool children is recommended to reduce nutritional risks.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Cystic Fibrosis Management
- Public Health
Background:
- Cystic Fibrosis (CF) requires careful nutritional monitoring due to malabsorption and increased energy needs.
- Optimizing nutritional status is crucial for improving health outcomes and quality of life in CF patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the nutritional profile of pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis.
- To identify factors influencing nutritional status and dietary intake in this population.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 101 pediatric CF patients at a reference center in São Paulo, Brazil.
- Data collection included dietary habits (24-hour recall), socioeconomic factors, anthropometrics, and pulmonary function.
- Patients were stratified by age for statistical analysis.
Main Results:
- 75% of patients were eutrophic; however, lower BMI Z-scores were noted in schoolchildren and adolescents.
- 10% of preschoolers and 35% of school-aged children were underweight.
- Adequate dietary intake was observed, with specific supplements linked to macronutrient adequacy.
Conclusions:
- The majority of CF patients exhibited adequate nutritional status and nutrient intake, suggesting effective nutritional management.
- Targeted studies on preschool children are needed to mitigate nutritional risks in older age groups.
Objective:
To evaluate the nutritional profile of the population assisted at a reference center for cystic fibrosis treatment.
Methods:
Cross-sectional study including patients with cystic fibrosis assisted at a pediatric reference center in São Paulo, Brazil, in 2014. All patients attending regular visits who agreed to participate in the study were included. A questionnaire on dietary habits (24-hour diet recall) and socioeconomic characteristics was applied. Anthropometric data (compared with the reference from the World Health Organization, 2006 and 2007) and pulmonary function data were collected from medical records. Patients were stratified into age groups for statistical analysis.
Results:
A total of 101 patients were included in the study (59.4% male, 86.4% Caucasian), with median age of 10 years old. Most patients (n=77; 75%) were classified as eutrophic, but lower values of body mass index (BMI) Z scores were observed in schoolchildren and adolescents. The proportion of underweight patients was 10% (n=2) among preschoolers and 35% (n=6) of the school age group. Dietary intake was adequate, and the use of only two supplements (medium chain triglycerides and complete powdered supplement) was associated with adequacy of macronutrient intake. The socioeconomic characteristics did not show any statistical association with the nutritional state or nutritional consumption. Lung function was not significantly different between neither adolescents nor individuals with worse nutritional status in this sample.
Conclusions:
Most of the patients presented adequate nutritional status and adequate consumption of calories and macronutrients, indicating appropriate nutritional management. New studies focusing on preschool children should be performed to assess if it is possible to reduce the nutritional risk of patients with cystic fibrosis at older ages.
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