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Does economic development improve urban greening? Evidence from 289 cities in China using spatial regression models
Fangzheng Li1, Xiyue Wang1, Haimeng Liu2
1School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
|August 24, 2018
Summary
China's urban greening shows significant spatial variation, influenced by economic development and agglomeration. Per capita GDP positively impacts green space, while urbanization and population density negatively affect it, with regional economic disparities noted.
Area of Science:
- Urban and Regional Planning
- Environmental Geography
- Spatial Economics
Background:
- Rapid urbanization in China has led to significant, yet understudied, spatial variations in urban greening.
- Existing research lacks consensus on the primary drivers of these spatial greening differences.
- City-level analysis of urban greening patterns and influencing factors is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the spatial differentiation and correlation of urban greening indicators in China.
- To quantify the impact of economic factors on urban greening using advanced spatial regression models.
- To identify regional disparities in the influence of economic development on urban greening.
Main Methods:
- Utilized 2014 emission inventory data from 289 Chinese cities.
- Applied global and local Moran's I to assess spatial patterns and correlations of greening indicators.
- Employed ordinary least squares, spatial error model, spatial autoregression, and geographically weighted regression for impact analysis.
Main Results:
- Urban greening exhibited significant spatial dependence and heterogeneity, linked to economic development stages and spatial agglomeration.
- Per capita GDP positively correlated with urban green space ratio and public green area per capita.
- Urbanization rate, secondary industry, urban land area, and population density showed negative correlations with key greening metrics.
Conclusions:
- Economic development, particularly per capita GDP, plays a crucial role in urban greening, but its influence varies regionally.
- Factors like urbanization and population density present challenges to increasing urban green space.
- Findings offer valuable insights for targeted green space planning and sustainable urban development policies in China.
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