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Peritectic titanium alloys for 3D printing.

Pere Barriobero-Vila1, Joachim Gussone2, Andreas Stark3

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This study introduces a new solidification path for titanium alloys in metal additive manufacturing (AM). It reduces anisotropy and forms equiaxed microstructures, paving the way for advanced AM titanium components.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Metallurgy
  • Additive Manufacturing

Background:

  • Metal additive manufacturing (AM) enables complex titanium alloy components, but conventional alloys exhibit anisotropic properties due to directional solidification.
  • Current AM titanium alloys are not optimized for the unique thermal gradients of AM, leading to material waste and microstructural challenges.
  • Existing post-processing methods struggle to fully mitigate the inherent anisotropy in AM titanium parts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel solidification and cooling pathway for alpha (α) phase formation in titanium alloys during additive manufacturing.
  • To develop titanium alloys for AM that minimize microstructural anisotropy and improve structural properties.
  • To enable the next generation of titanium alloys specifically designed for additive manufacturing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of a unique solidification and cooling strategy during the additive manufacturing process.
  • Analysis of the crystallographic orientation relationship between the parent beta (β) phase and the resulting alpha (α) phase.
  • Characterization of the resulting microstructures, focusing on grain morphology and texture.

Main Results:

  • A novel solidification path was identified where alpha (α) phase formation does not inherit the crystallographic orientation from the parent beta (β) phase.
  • This new pathway leads to a significant decrease in microstructural anisotropy.
  • Equiaxed microstructures were observed, a departure from the typical textured structures in AM titanium.

Conclusions:

  • The discovered solidification path offers a promising approach to overcoming anisotropy in additively manufactured titanium alloys.
  • The formation of equiaxed microstructures represents a significant advancement for titanium alloys tailored for AM.
  • This research paves the way for next-generation titanium alloys with improved and isotropic properties for AM applications.