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Is forward head posture relevant to cervical muscles performance and neck pain? A case-control study
Leila Ghamkhar1, Amir Hossein Kahlaee1
1Department of Physical Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy
|August 27, 2018
Summary
Forward head posture is not linked to chronic neck pain (CNP). However, CNP patients exhibit smaller cervical muscles and reduced endurance, though these factors don't directly correlate with pain levels.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Musculoskeletal Health
- Pain Management
Background:
- Forward head posture (FHP) and muscular dysfunction are potential contributors to chronic neck pain (CNP).
- Existing research shows inconsistent findings regarding their clinical relevance in CNP.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for effective CNP management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare FHP, cervical muscle size, and endurance between individuals with and without CNP.
- To investigate the association of these factors with pain intensity and disability.
- To examine the relative involvement of deep/superficial and flexor/extensor muscles in CNP.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 32 CNP patients and 35 asymptomatic participants.
- Assessment of FHP using digital photography.
- Evaluation of cervical muscle dimensions and endurance via ultrasonography and clinical tests.
- Measurement of pain and disability using the visual analog scale and neck disability index.
Main Results:
- CNP patients had significantly smaller deep flexor and extensor muscles.
- Lower flexor and extensor muscle endurance capacity was observed in CNP patients.
- Forward head posture did not differ between groups and showed no correlation with pain or disability.
Conclusions:
- Forward head posture is not a differentiating factor for CNP or associated with pain/disability.
- Reduced cervical muscle endurance in CNP patients did not correlate with pain or disability.
- The relationship between muscle size and endurance is complex in neck pain, with deep muscles showing differential alterations.
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