Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
Heart Failure I: Introduction
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics
Heart Failure V: Medical Management
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Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach
Published on: July 21, 2023
11 Klinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsspital Basel.
Diagnosing heart failure involves recognizing clinical signs and symptoms. Natriuretic peptides (BNP and NT-proBNP) help confirm the diagnosis, which is finalized with echocardiography to assess cardiac structure and function.
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