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Energy self-sufficient biological municipal wastewater reclamation: Present status, challenges and solutions forward
Ya-Juan Liu1, Jun Gu2, Yu Liu3
1School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Xingyun Street, Datong City, Shanxi Province 037009, PR China.
Abstract:
Almost all present biological processes for treating municipal wastewater have been developed based on the philosophy of biological oxidation with high energy consumption and generation of waste sludge. Given such a situation, the fundamental question of what are the possible ways towards energy self-sufficient biological reclamation of municipal wastewater needs to be addressed urgently. Therefore, this review aims to offer a critical view and a holistic analysis of biological treatment processes with the focus on energy self-sufficiency which indeed is a game changer in the future technology development. The way towards energy self-sufficient operation of biological processes is to maximize energy recovery, while to minimize energy consumption. The examples of such process configurations known as A-B processes are thus discussed. Consequently, this review may offer in-depth insights into the possible directions towards the next-generation biological processes for municipal wastewater reclamation which should be designed as a water-energy-resource factory.
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