[Aging in people with autism spectrum disorder]

Area of Science:

• Neurodevelopmental Disorders
• Gerontology
• Behavioral Science

Background:

• Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition impacting social interaction, communication, and behavior.
• Understanding the aging process in individuals with ASD is crucial for developing targeted support strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the evolutionary characteristics of individuals with ASD during aging.
• To investigate cognitive, behavioral, health, and mortality patterns in aging adults with ASD.
• To identify specific needs and guide the planning of support resources for this population.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of studies focusing on the evolution of adults with ASD.
• Analysis of socio-health conditions relevant to the aging process in individuals with ASD.
• Consideration of factors influencing aging patterns, including etiology and co-occurring conditions.

Main Results:

• Knowledge regarding aging in ASD is limited, with no single defined pattern due to individual variability.
• Aging may be associated with mood disorders, depression, and executive function decline, though differentiation from typical aging is challenging.
• Associated genetic syndromes (e.g., Fragile X, Down syndrome) can influence the aging trajectory and require specific considerations.

Conclusions:

• Aging in ASD is complex and influenced by multiple factors, necessitating individualized care approaches.
• Early identification of associated genetic and neurological conditions is vital for predicting and managing aging-related complications.
• Further research is essential to establish specific aging patterns and inform the development of tailored support systems for the aging ASD population.