Psychosocial Interventions for Patients With Advanced Cancer and Their Families

Few randomized controlled trials of family-based psychosocial interventions involving patients and at least one other family member have been conducted in the context of advanced cancer. Moreover, existing interventions have largely been stand-alone programs that have not been well integrated into routine palliative and clinical care. Programs that address this gap may not only improve patient and caregiver quality of life (QOL) but also the quality of palliative and supportive care services. The aim of this narrative review is to describe published interventions that have attempted to improve the QOL of advanced cancer patients and their family caregivers (eg, spouses, partners, and other family members) and to describe some of the challenges that make it difficult to implement such programs in clinical settings. Toward that end, the added value that family-based psychosocial interventions can bring to advanced cancer care is first described. Next, the literature on family-based interventions in advanced cancer is reviewed, and different theoretical approaches and outcomes are highlighted. This is followed by a description of some of the health system barriers to supportive family care in advanced cancer care. The article concludes with a synthesis of research findings and proposes directions for future research.