Sex & gender considerations in concussion research
Tatyana Mollayeva1,2,3,1,2,3, Graziella El-Khechen-Richandi1,2,3,1,2,3, Angela Colantonio1,2,3,1,2,3
1Acquired Brain Injury Lab, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7, Canada.
Concussion (London, England)
|September 12, 2018
Summary
Recent research highlights sex and gender differences in concussion (mild traumatic brain injury) incidence and recovery. This review synthesizes findings and offers recommendations for future sex- and gender-informed concussion research and policy.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Public Health
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Concussion, a mild traumatic brain injury, is increasingly recognized.
- Historically, research has overlooked sex and gender influences on concussion outcomes.
- Recent studies are beginning to address this gap, improving understanding of concussion epidemiology and recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current findings on sex differences in concussion epidemiology and clinical presentation.
- To discuss challenges and opportunities in integrating sex and gender into concussion research.
- To provide recommendations for future research and sex- and gender-sensitive policy.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of studies investigating sex and gender in concussion.
- Analysis of epidemiological data on concussion incidence and outcomes.
- Synthesis of clinical findings related to mild traumatic brain injury manifestations.
Main Results:
- Emerging evidence shows significant sex-based variations in concussion incidence and recovery patterns.
- Clinical manifestations of mild traumatic brain injury can differ between sexes.
- Integration of sex and gender is crucial for comprehensive understanding.
Conclusions:
- Sex and gender are critical factors influencing concussion outcomes.
- Future research must incorporate sex and gender to advance concussion science.
- Policy development should be informed by sex- and gender-sensitive data for effective prevention and management.
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