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Differences in Behavior, Time, Location, and Built Environment between Objectively Measured Utilitarian and
Bumjoon Kang1, Anne V Moudon2, Philip M Hurvitz3
1Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, 114 Diefendorf Hall, 3435 Main St, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA, bumjoonk@bufflo.edu.
Transportation Research. Part D, Transport and Environment
|September 18, 2018
Summary
Utilitarian walking is more frequent, faster, and shorter than recreational walking. Built environment characteristics differ significantly between these two walking types, informing tailored public health and transportation strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Transportation Science
- Urban Planning
Background:
- Utilitarian and recreational walking are key components of physical activity.
- These walking types may represent distinct behaviors with different influencing factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish operational definitions for utilitarian and recreational walking.
- To objectively measure behavioral, spatial, and temporal differences between these walking types.
- To inform transportation and public health policies and interventions.
Main Methods:
- Data collected from 651 Seattle-King County residents (2008-2009) using accelerometers, GPS units, and travel diaries.
- Walking activity bouts classified as utilitarian (with destination) or recreational (without destination).
- Statistical analysis adjusted for the nested structure of walking activity within participants.
Main Results:
- 87.4% of 4,905 walking bouts were utilitarian; 12.6% were recreational.
- Utilitarian walking bouts were 45% shorter and 9% faster than recreational bouts.
- Utilitarian walking occurred in denser, mixed-use areas; recreational walking occurred more in home neighborhoods.
Conclusions:
- Utilitarian and recreational walking exhibit substantial differences in frequency, speed, duration, location, and built environment context.
- Type-specific strategies are recommended for policies promoting walking.
- The home neighborhood is crucial for recreational walking, highlighting its importance for this activity.
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