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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

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Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
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Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

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Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
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Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles01:43

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles

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In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
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Fluid Movement Between Compartments01:18

Fluid Movement Between Compartments

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The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
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Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

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Vision During Saccadic Eye Movements.

Paola Binda1,2, Maria Concetta Morrone1,3

  • 1Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy; email: concetta@in.cnr.it , paola.binda@unipi.it.

Annual Review of Vision Science
|September 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eye movements cause visual perception changes, including sensitivity drops and distortions. The visual system reorganizes spatiotemporal fields to predict and counteract these saccade effects, ensuring visual continuity.

Keywords:
contrast sensitivitynumerositypupilsaccadesspace perceptiontime perception

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Eye movements, particularly saccades, significantly impact visual perception.
  • Saccades cause reduced sensitivity to luminance contrast and low-frequency stimuli.
  • Perceptual distortions in space, time, and number occur during saccades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the active processes the visual system employs to manage saccade consequences.
  • To propose a mechanism for visual stability and continuity during eye movements.

Main Methods:

  • The study proposes a theoretical mechanism based on existing research.
  • Analysis of perceptual consequences of saccades.
  • Investigating the role of spatiotemporal visual field reorganization.

Main Results:

  • A key mechanism involves reorganizing spatiotemporal visual fields, increasing uncertainty before and during saccades.
  • This reorganization explains perceptual distortions and aids in fusing pre- and post-saccadic stimuli.
  • Active suppression of motion signals contributes to visual stability.

Conclusions:

  • The visual system actively predicts and counteracts saccade effects through spatiotemporal reorganization.
  • This mechanism ensures the continuity and stability of visual experience despite eye movements.
  • Understanding these processes is crucial for visual neuroscience and related fields.