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Contextual support for children's recall within working memory.

Hannah E Roome1,2, John N Towse1, Maria M Crespo-Llado1

  • 11 Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|September 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
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Children and adults use contextual cues to improve working memory recall, especially when cues relate to semantic processing. This suggests working memory relies on reconstructive search processes that develop with age.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Working memory capacity (WMC) is widely studied, but the precise recall mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Understanding how individuals access stored information is crucial for cognitive development research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how children and adults utilize contextual support for working memory recall.
  • To examine the role of semantic versus item-specific cues in accessing memory representations.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (186 children aged 5-10, 64 adults) completed listening span and delayed recall tasks.
  • Semantic probes and item-specific cues were used to assess recall performance and response times.
  • Age-related differences in working memory span and cue utilization were analyzed.
Keywords:
Working memory capacitychildrenrecall reconstructionsecondary memory

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Listening span increased significantly with age across all participants.
  • All age groups demonstrated improved recall with contextual support, particularly semantic cues.
  • Children showed developing efficiency in using contextual support, correlating with listening span performance.

Conclusions:

  • Contextual cues, especially semantic ones, enhance working memory recall across development.
  • Working memory recall involves reconstructive and cued search processes that mature over time.
  • Findings support cognitive models emphasizing dynamic memory retrieval rather than static storage.