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Related Concept Videos

Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

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During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

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Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques01:08

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Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques01:30

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Airway management is essential in emergency and surgical medicine, ensuring ventilation and oxygenation in patients who cannot maintain their own airway. Clinicians use a range of techniques and devices to secure the airway, depending on the patient’s condition and the clinical context. Key methods include endotracheal intubation, rapid sequence intubation (RSI), supraglottic airway devices, and advanced visualization aids. In cases where these approaches fail, surgical airway...
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Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
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Recent advances in fertility preservation.

Marie-Madeleine Dolmans1,2, Diego D Manavella1

  • 1Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.

The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research
|September 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Fertility preservation options like oocyte and ovarian tissue cryopreservation help protect reproductive potential before gonadotoxic treatments. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation show promise for restoring fertility.

Keywords:
embryo cryopreservationfertility preservationoocyte cryopreservationovarian tissue cryopreservationovarian tissue transplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive medicine
  • Oncology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Cancer treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy) and other therapies can cause premature ovarian insufficiency and infertility.
  • Fertility preservation counseling is crucial for patients undergoing gonadotoxic treatments or those postponing motherhood.
  • Oocyte, embryo, and ovarian tissue cryopreservation are leading fertility preservation methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current fertility preservation and restoration strategies.
  • To highlight recent advancements in ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fertility preservation techniques.
  • Focus on cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue.

Main Results:

  • Oocyte cryopreservation via vitrification is highly effective for non-oncological fertility preservation.
  • Ovarian tissue cryopreservation followed by transplantation is an emerging fertility preservation and restoration strategy.
  • Ongoing research aims to improve grafted ovarian tissue longevity, quality, and safety.

Conclusions:

  • Patient-specific factors (age, partner status, treatment urgency) guide the choice of fertility preservation.
  • Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation is nearing clinical application.
  • Technological advancements are expanding the potential of ovarian tissue transplantation.