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Numerical simulation and experimental study of electrocoagulation grid flocculation tank.

Ping Xiang1, Yihui Wan1, Xun Wang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China and Faculty of Urban Construction and Environment Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China

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Summary

This study optimized electrocoagulation in flocculation tanks using CFD simulations, reducing energy consumption. Optimal parameters were identified for efficient refractory pollutant removal from wastewater.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Water Treatment Technologies
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Electrocoagulation is effective for refractory pollutant removal but faces limitations in practical applications due to high energy consumption, particularly with large electrode spacing.
  • Optimizing flocculation tank design is crucial for improving the efficiency and reducing the energy demands of electrocoagulation processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize the design parameters of a grid flocculation tank for electrocoagulation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
  • To determine the optimal operating conditions for electrocoagulation of humic acid wastewater in a specifically designed device based on simulation results.

Main Methods:

  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations using ANSYS Fluent software to model the flow state within a grid flocculation tank.
  • Experimental treatment of humic acid wastewater using electrocoagulation in a device designed based on CFD simulation results.
  • Orthogonal testing to identify optimal operating parameters for the electrocoagulation process.

Main Results:

  • CFD simulations indicated that a smaller grid plate spacing (optimal at 250 mm), a velocity of 0.13 m/s, a perforation size of 25x25 mm, and a porosity of 31.25% enhance vortex velocity gradients.
  • The optimal electrocoagulation conditions for humic acid wastewater were determined as: initial pH 8, sodium chloride concentration 5 mmol/L, voltage 15 V, and treatment time 60 minutes.
  • The study successfully narrowed grid plate spacing and optimized design parameters for high turbulent intensity, validating simulation findings.

Conclusions:

  • CFD modeling provides a theoretical basis for optimizing grid flocculation tank design in electrocoagulation.
  • The optimized design and operating conditions significantly improve the efficiency of refractory pollutant removal.
  • This research offers a foundation for integrating electrocoagulation with hydraulic flocculation for enhanced wastewater treatment.