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Related Concept Videos

Density00:56

Density

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Density is an important characteristic of substances, crucial in determining whether an object sinks or floats in a fluid. Its SI unit is kg/m3, and its cgs unit is g/cm3. The density of an object helps in identifying its composition, and also reveals information about the phase of the matter and its substructure. The densities of liquids and solids are roughly comparable, consistent with the fact that their atoms are in close contact. However, gases have much lower densities than liquids and...
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Current Density01:21

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The total amount of current flowing through one unit value of a cross-sectional area is referred to as current density. If the current flow is uniform, the amount of current flowing through a conductor is the same at all points along the conductor, even if the conductor area varies. The current density consists of the local magnitude and direction of the charge flow, which varies from point to point. Current density is measured in amperes per meter square, and direction is defined as the net...
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Strain-Energy Density01:20

Strain-Energy Density

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Understanding the strain energy density in materials under axial load is crucial for evaluating their mechanical behavior and durability. When a rod is subjected to such a load, it elongates and stores energy, known as strain energy, as potential energy within the material. This energy is measured in terms of energy per unit volume.
In the elastic region of a material, the relationship between the stress and the strain is linear and follows Hooke's Law. The strain energy density in this region...
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Bulk Density of Aggregate01:22

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Bulk density refers to the mass of aggregate particles that would fill a unit volume. The concept of bulk density originates from the inability to pack aggregate particles in a manner that completely eliminates void spaces. Hence, the term bulk refers to the volume that encompasses both the aggregates and the voids. This measurement is crucial when aggregates are batched by volume and is used to convert quantities by mass to volume.
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Density and Archimedes' Principle01:05

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When a lump of clay is dropped into water, it sinks. But if the same lump of clay is molded into the shape of a boat, it starts to float. Because of its shape, the clay boat displaces more water than the lump and experiences a greater buoyant force, even though its mass is the same. The same holds true for steel ships. The average density of an object majorly determines if the object will float. If an object's average density is less than that of the surrounding fluid, it will float. The...
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Genetic Screens02:46

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
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Building Up a High-throughput Screening Platform to Assess the Heterogeneity of HER2 Gene Amplification in Breast Cancers
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Breast density implications and supplemental screening.

Athina Vourtsis1, Wendie A Berg2

  • 1"Diagnostic Mammography", Medical Diagnostic Imaging Unit, Founding President of the Hellenic Breast Imaging Society, Kifisias Ave 362, Chalandri, 15233, Athens, Greece. vourtsis@mammography.gr.

European Radiology
|September 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Screening women with dense breasts requires advanced imaging beyond mammography. Advanced techniques like ultrasound and MRI show promise for earlier breast cancer detection, especially for high-risk individuals.

Keywords:
Breast cancerBreast densityMagnetic resonance imagingScreening ultrasoundTomosynthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Mammography's sensitivity is reduced in women with dense breasts.
  • Dense breast tissue can obscure cancers on standard mammograms.
  • Current screening methods have limitations for this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of breast cancer screening for women with dense breasts.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of various supplemental screening modalities.
  • To discuss the role of risk assessment in guiding screening decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on breast cancer screening techniques.
  • Comparison of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), ultrasound, MRI, and other emerging technologies.
  • Analysis of screening performance metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, and cancer detection rates.

Main Results:

  • Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is an improvement over 2D mammography but less effective in extremely dense breasts.
  • Breast ultrasound detects additional early-stage cancers but faces limitations in implementation.
  • Screening MRI, particularly abbreviated protocols, shows potential for high-risk and average-risk women with dense breasts.

Conclusions:

  • Supplemental screening is crucial for women with dense breasts.
  • Risk assessment, including breast density, is essential for personalized screening strategies.
  • Further validation and implementation strategies are needed for advanced screening modalities like contrast-enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) and molecular breast imaging.