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Related Concept Videos

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

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Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria
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Visual Detection and Avoidance of Pathogenic Bacteria by Aphids.

Tory A Hendry1, Russell A Ligon2, Kevin R Besler1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, 123 Wing Dr., Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|October 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Pea aphids avoid virulent Pseudomonas syringae by detecting UV-fluorescent pyoverdine. This visual cue helps prevent infection, offering potential for pest control strategies.

Keywords:
Acyrthosiphon pisumPseudomonas syringaefluorescenceinsect visionnon-immunological defensespathogen avoidancepyoverdine

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Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Plant Pathology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Aphids are significant agricultural pests and disease vectors.
  • Pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) are susceptible to bacterial infections and have limited immune responses.
  • Non-immunological defenses like avoidance are crucial for aphid survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if pea aphids use avoidance as a defense against Pseudomonas syringae.
  • To determine the cues aphids use to detect and avoid virulent bacterial strains.

Main Methods:

  • Testing pea aphid avoidance behavior towards different strains of P. syringae.
  • Analyzing light reflectance from leaves to identify visual cues associated with bacterial presence.
  • Correlating bacterial fluorescence with aphid visual sensitivity and avoidance.

Main Results:

  • Pea aphids avoided highly virulent strains of P. syringae.
  • Avoidance significantly reduced aphid infection rates.
  • Aphids detected bacterial fluorescence from pyoverdine, a siderophore produced by virulent strains.
  • Pyoverdine fluorescence, not virulence, mediated aphid avoidance.

Conclusions:

  • Aphids utilize visual cues, specifically UV fluorescence of pyoverdine, to avoid epiphytic pathogens.
  • Pyoverdine fluorescence serves as a reliable indicator of bacterial virulence for aphids.
  • This aphid visual detection mechanism has potential applications in agricultural pest control.