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Enhanced dynamic nuclear polarization via swept microwave frequency combs.

A Ajoy1,2, R Nazaryan3,2, K Liu3,2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; pines@berkeley.edu ashokaj@berkeley.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|October 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A new swept microwave frequency comb technique dramatically enhances dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) signals. This method accelerates magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy by increasing polarization transfer events, offering significant gains in hyperpolarization efficiency.

Keywords:
dynamic nuclear polarizationelectron spin resonancehyperpolarizationnitrogen-vacancy centersnuclear magnetic resonance

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
  • Quantum Control and Hyperpolarization Techniques

Background:

  • Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) significantly enhances magnetic resonance (MR) signals, enabling faster NMR/MRI.
  • Conventional DNP methods using continuous wave (cw) techniques are limited by slow sweep rates required for adiabaticity.
  • Exploiting the full electron spectrum in DNP offers potential for greater hyperpolarization but faces efficiency bottlenecks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient DNP technique overcoming limitations of slow microwave sweeps.
  • To enhance hyperpolarization efficiency by increasing the number of polarization transfer events.
  • To achieve multiplicative gains in DNP enhancement using a novel swept microwave frequency comb.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a swept microwave frequency comb technique for DNP.
  • Application of the technique to optical hyperpolarization of Carbon-13 (13C) nuclei.
  • Experiments conducted on powdered microdiamonds at low magnetic fields.

Main Results:

  • The swept frequency comb method significantly increases DNP enhancement compared to conventional sweeps.
  • Demonstrated a DNP enhancement increase from 30 to 100 (relative to thermal signal at 7T) for 13C in microdiamonds.
  • Achieved multiplicative gains in DNP enhancement, scaling with comb frequencies and limited by electron linewidth.

Conclusions:

  • The swept microwave frequency comb is an effective technique to overcome DNP bottlenecks caused by slow sweeps.
  • This method offers multiplicative gains in hyperpolarization, potentially exceeding an order of magnitude for broad linewidth radicals.
  • The technique holds promise for accelerating NMR/MRI and improving spectroscopic sensitivity in various applications.