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Related Concept Videos

Glassware Calibration01:11

Glassware Calibration

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Accurate calibration of glassware, such as volumetric flasks, pipettes, and burettes, is essential to ensure accurate measurements in the analytical laboratory. Calibration helps maintain consistency across measurements and prevents errors arising from inaccurate volumes.
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Instrument Calibration01:12

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Instrument calibration is essential for ensuring that instruments produce accurate and consistent results. It is vital in manufacturing, healthcare, testing laboratories, and scientific research. Calibration processes are specific to each instrument and help enhance data accuracy. Each instrument has a unique calibration process tailored to its design and function to improve data accuracy.
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In a linear calibration curve, there is a value called the calibration coefficient, denoted by 'r,' which measures the strength and the direction of association between two variables. The correlation coefficient value ranges from −1 to +1. A value of +1 indicates a perfect positive linear correlation, −1 denotes a perfect negative correlation, and 0 implies no correlation between the two variables. A positive correlation value establishes that as one variable increases, the...
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Root loci often diverge as system poles shift from the real axis to the complex plane. Key points in this transition are the breakaway and break-in points, indicating where the root locus leaves and reenters the real axis. The branches of the root locus form an angle of 180/n degrees with the real axis, where n is the number of branches at a breakaway or break-in point.
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A calibration curve is a plot of the instrument's response against a series of known concentrations of a substance. This curve is used to set the instrument response levels, using the substance and its concentrations as standards. Alternatively, or additionally, an equation is fitted to the calibration curve plot and subsequently used to calculate the unknown concentrations of other samples reliably.
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Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin...
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Development of New Methods for Quantifying Fish Density Using Underwater Stereo-video Tools
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Semi-Calibrated Photometric Stereo.

Donghyeon Cho, Yasuyuki Matsushita, Yu-Wing Tai

    IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
    |October 4, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a semi-calibrated photometric stereo method for accurate 3D shape recovery. It overcomes limitations of conventional methods by handling unknown light intensities and sensor exposures, improving surface normal determination.

    Area of Science:

    • Computer Vision
    • Computer Graphics
    • Computational Imaging

    Background:

    • Conventional calibrated photometric stereo relies on known or uniform light intensities and sensor exposures.
    • Practical settings often violate these assumptions due to variations in lighting and sensors.
    • This leads to inaccuracies in 3D shape recovery.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of unknown and non-uniform light intensities and sensor exposures on photometric stereo.
    • To develop a novel semi-calibrated photometric stereo method that addresses these limitations.
    • To provide a more robust and accurate shape recovery technique for real-world applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a "semi-calibrated" photometric stereo approach where light directions are known, but intensities and sensor exposures are unknown.

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  • Formulated the problem as a bilinear system and derived a unique solution for surface normals and unknown parameters.
  • Proposed efficient and stable linear solution methods for the semi-calibrated photometric stereo problem.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that the semi-calibrated photometric stereo method yields a unique solution for surface normals and unknown light intensities/sensor exposures.
    • Showcased a linear solution method that is efficient and stable.
    • Achieved superior accuracy in surface normal determination compared to conventional calibrated methods.

    Conclusions:

    • The semi-calibrated photometric stereo method offers significant advantages over conventional techniques by relaxing strict calibration assumptions.
    • This approach enhances the accuracy of 3D shape recovery in practical scenarios with varying lighting conditions and sensor characteristics.
    • The developed method provides a more reliable tool for applications requiring precise surface reconstruction.