Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
Published on: February 8, 2022
Use of Pulmonary Inhalants Remains Remarkably High After Atrial Septal Defect Closure
Martina Nassif1, Odilia I Woudstra1,2, Joey M Kuijpers1,3
1Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center.
Background:
Post-repair atrial septal defects (ASD) patients are frequently discharged from follow-up, but the extent of pulmonary symptoms long-term post-repair is unknown.
Methods And Results:
The national CONgenital CORvitia registry was linked to the national Drug Registry to investigate all ambulatory-dispensed pulmonary inhalants for 2006-2014. ASD patients were compared with age- and sex-matched referents from the general population. A total of 1,959 adult patients (age 42±17 years; 66% female; 1,223 [62%] repaired) were included. Compared with the referents, ASD patients had more inhalant use, even at long-term post-repair follow-up (OR=1.81 [95% CI 1.62-2.03]; P<0.001).
Conclusions:
ASD patients had 2-fold higher inhalant use compared with referents even at long-term post-repair follow-up, suggesting persistent pulmonary functional impairment.
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