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Sensorineural hearing loss in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis in Basrah, Iraq

Haider K Saeed1, Ahmed M Al-Abbasi1,2, Shukryia K Al-Maliki3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Basrah General Hospital, Basrah, Iraq.

Tzu Chi Medical Journal
|October 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Hemodialysis can worsen hearing loss in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. Over one year, most patients experienced declining hearing thresholds, particularly at higher frequencies, with longer dialysis duration being a key factor.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Audiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Chronic renal failure (CRF) affects numerous physiological systems.
  • Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a potential complication in patients with CRF.
  • The impact of hemodialysis on hearing in CRF patients requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effect of hemodialysis on hearing thresholds in patients suffering from chronic renal failure.
  • To determine the prevalence and progression of hearing loss during hemodialysis treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study involving 59 patients with CRF undergoing regular hemodialysis.
  • Pure-tone audiometric examinations were conducted every six months over a 12-month period.
  • Data analysis included prevalence rates, hearing threshold measurements, and correlation with clinical factors.

Main Results:

  • At study onset, 66.1% of patients had SNHL, rising to 76.3% by 12 months.
  • Hearing loss was more pronounced at higher frequencies and showed deterioration over time (mean threshold increased from 29.2 to 36.9 dB).
  • Multivariate analysis identified duration of hemodialysis as the sole significant independent predictor of SNHL.

Conclusions:

  • Sensorineural hearing loss is highly prevalent in CRF patients undergoing hemodialysis.
  • Hearing impairment, often mild to moderate, tends to worsen with increased duration of dialysis.
  • The findings underscore the need for audiological monitoring in patients on long-term hemodialysis.
Abstract

Keywords:
BasrahHearing lossHemodialysisPrevalenceRenal failure

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