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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...
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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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Bridging the Bio-Electronic Interface with Biofabrication
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Interface-Generated Spin Currents.

V P Amin1,2, J Zemen3, M D Stiles2

  • 1Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742.

Physical Review Letters
|October 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interface engineering generates significant spin currents in Co/Pt, Co/Cu, and Pt/Cu systems. These currents, driven by electric fields, offer a new way to control spin torques in magnetic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Interface effects are crucial in spintronic devices.
  • Understanding spin current generation mechanisms is key for device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate interface-generated spin currents at Co/Pt, Co/Cu, and Pt/Cu interfaces.
  • To explore the polarization and control mechanisms of these spin currents.

Main Methods:

  • Ab initio band structure calculations.
  • Transport calculations.

Main Results:

  • Large interface-generated spin currents observed at Co/Pt, Co/Cu, and Pt/Cu interfaces.
  • Spin currents driven by in-plane electric fields but flow out-of-plane.
  • Interface spin currents comparable in strength to bulk spin Hall effect in Pt.
  • Novel spin polarization mechanisms identified, controlled by magnetization direction.

Conclusions:

  • Interfaces are significant sources of spin currents.
  • A new mechanism for generating spin torques in magnetic trilayers is presented.
  • Potential for novel spintronic device applications based on interface spin currents.