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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

49.1K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
49.1K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.5K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.5K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

130.8K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
130.8K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.1K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.1K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.2K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.2K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

17.0K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
17.0K

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Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides
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Formation of Ordered Biomolecular Structures by the Self-assembly of Short Peptides

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Macroscale Biomolecular Electronics and Ionics.

Nadav Amdursky1, Eric Daniel Głowacki2,3, Paul Meredith4

  • 1Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biomolecular materials now conduct ions and electrons over centimeters, enabling new bioelectronic and energy applications. Research focuses on structure-property relationships for designing advanced materials and devices.

Keywords:
bioelectronicsbiomaterialsconductive polymerselectron conductionproton conduction

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics

Background:

  • Biological charge transfer traditionally studied at nano/microscales.
  • Recent advancements enable macroscale ion and electron conduction in biomolecular materials.
  • Organic semiconductors and ionics show promise in diverse applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Discuss principles of macroscale conduction in biomolecular materials.
  • Highlight recent examples and structure-property relationships.
  • Evaluate the technological viability of biomolecular electronics and ionics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on biomolecular conduction.
  • Analysis of structure-property relationships in biomolecular materials.
  • Discussion of experimental and theoretical findings.

Main Results:

  • Biomolecular materials can support currents over millimeter to centimeter lengths.
  • Accurate structure-property relationships are being established for material design.
  • Significant progress in understanding macroscale charge transport.

Conclusions:

  • Macroscale conduction in biomolecular materials opens new avenues for bioelectronics and energy technologies.
  • Rational design based on structure-property insights is key for innovation.
  • Biomolecular electronics and ionics demonstrate considerable technological potential.