High-resolution and high-definition anorectal manometry: rediscovering anorectal function.

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Physiology
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Anorectal motor and functional disorders are prevalent in the general population.
• Conventional anorectal manometry studies motor activity at rest and during physiological simulations.
• Advancements in sensor technology are enhancing diagnostic capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current high-resolution anorectal manometry (HR-ARM) and high-definition anorectal manometry (HD-ARM) techniques.
• To discuss reported normal values for HR-ARM and HD-ARM.
• To analyze novel parameters assessed by these advanced manometry systems.

Main Methods:

• Utilizes HR-ARM and HD-ARM catheters with numerous, closely packed circumferential sensors.
• Enables time-space visualization (topographic or 2-3-plane mode) through interpolation.
• Facilitates standardized and reproducible anorectal function assessment.

Main Results:

• HR-ARM and HD-ARM provide a higher density of recording points compared to conventional methods.
• These techniques allow for a more detailed assessment of the functional anatomy of the sphincter complex.
• Emerging parameters offer significant insights, potentially redefining anorectal anatomy and physiology.

Conclusions:

• HR-ARM and HD-ARM represent significant advancements in studying anorectal motor function.
• While some new parameters require further validation, they hold promise for future clinical application.
• These technologies are crucial for a better understanding and diagnosis of anorectal disorders.