Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026
04:30
A Murine Model of Stent Implantation in the Carotid Artery for the Study of Restenosis
Published on: May 14, 2013
26.3K
Refractory In-Stent Restenosis: Improving Outcomes by Standardizing Our Approach
Ron Waksman1, Micaela Iantorno2
1Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, 110 Irving St., NW, Suite 4B-1, Washington, DC, 20010, USA. ron.waksman@medstar.net.
Current Cardiology Reports
|October 24, 2018
Summary
Treating refractory in-stent restenosis (ISR) remains challenging despite advances in drug-eluting stent (DES) technology. This review examines various therapeutic options for managing ISR, focusing on refractory cases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Interventional Cardiology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Percutaneous coronary intervention with stents has revolutionized cardiovascular disease treatment.
- In-stent restenosis (ISR) is a significant complication, increasing despite improved stent technology.
- ISR mechanisms are multifactorial, with neointimal proliferation and neoatherosclerosis being primary drivers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current therapeutic approaches for refractory in-stent restenosis.
- To discuss the challenges associated with treating in-stent restenosis, particularly after drug-eluting stent implantation.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of treatment modalities for in-stent restenosis.
- Analysis of factors contributing to ISR development and progression.
- Evaluation of the efficacy and limitations of various treatment options.
Main Results:
- Despite advancements, ISR incidence persists, posing treatment challenges.
- Multiple treatment strategies exist, including medical therapy, mechanical interventions, and surgical options.
- Drug-eluting stents (DES) have improved outcomes but do not eliminate ISR.
Conclusions:
- Refractory in-stent restenosis requires a tailored treatment strategy.
- A range of therapies, from drug-coated balloons to coronary artery bypass grafting, are available.
- Ongoing research is crucial for optimizing ISR management and patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Balloon angioplastyBare metal stentDrug-coated balloonDrug-eluting stentsIn-stent restenosisMore Related Videos
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