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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Formulation and Acoustic Modulation of Optically Vaporized Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets
Published on: July 16, 2021
A General Approach to Biocompatible Branched Fluorous Tags for Increased Solubility in Perfluorocarbon Solvents
Margeaux A Miller1, Ellen M Sletten1
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States.
Abstract:
A modular, cost-effective route to a library of branched fluorous tags with two short, biocompatible, fluorinated chains (C6F13) is reported. These branched fluorous tags provide high fluorous content without the use of long-chain linear perfluorocarbons, which have rising health concerns due to their bioaccumulation. By attaching these tags to a porphyrin, it is demonstrated that high solubility can be achieved in fluorous solvents that are readily cleared from mammals. This work enhances the biocompatibility of perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions for photodynamic therapy.
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