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Mechanisms of Vascular Aging
Zoltan Ungvari1,2,3,4, Stefano Tarantini1,2, Anthony J Donato5,6
1From the Vascular Cognitive Impairment Laboratory, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging (Z.U., S.T., A.C.), University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
Circulation Research
|October 26, 2018
Summary
Vascular aging contributes to age-related diseases. Understanding cellular aging mechanisms like oxidative stress and inflammation is key to developing treatments for vascular pathologies and promoting healthy aging.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Vascular Biology
- Molecular Medicine
Background:
- Vascular aging is a primary driver of morbidity and mortality in older populations.
- Understanding cellular and functional vascular changes during aging is crucial for developing effective interventions.
- Age-related vascular pathologies encompass both microvascular and macrovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and their role in vascular aging.
- To discuss the contribution of these mechanisms to age-related microvascular and macrovascular diseases.
- To explore the influence of circulating factors on vascular aging phenotypes and identify future therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of cellular and molecular aging mechanisms.
- Analysis of the pathophysiological roles of aging processes in the vascular system.
- Discussion of progeronic and antigeronic factors in vascular aging.
Main Results:
- Identified key aging mechanisms including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, genomic instability, cellular senescence, and stem cell dysfunction.
- Detailed the contribution of these mechanisms to the pathogenesis of age-related vascular diseases.
- Highlighted the significance of circulating factors in shaping vascular aging phenotypes.
Conclusions:
- Targeting fundamental cellular and molecular aging processes offers opportunities for novel interventions.
- Preventing or delaying age-related vascular pathologies requires a multi-faceted approach addressing these core aging mechanisms.
- Future research should focus on translating these insights into clinical strategies for healthier vascular aging.
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