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Assessment of Mandibular Surface Area Changes in Bruxers Versus Controls on Panoramic Radiographic Images: A Case
Lakshmi Padmaja Satheeswarakumar1, Tatu Joy Elenjickal1, Shashi Kiran Mohan Ram1
1Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekharam, Kanya Kumari District, Tamil Nadu, India.
The Open Dentistry Journal
|October 30, 2018
Summary
Bruxism (teeth grinding) significantly alters condylar and coronoid process surface areas in the mandible, despite no overall change in mandibular bone. These findings suggest revised understanding of bruxism
Area of Science:
- Dental Radiology
- Oral Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Bruxism, a common masticatory parafunctional activity, has unclear etiology and manifestations, often leading to diagnostic challenges.
- Historically, bruxism was linked to tooth wear, mobility, and oral tissue changes, with limited understanding of its skeletal effects.
- This study investigates mandibular bone changes in individuals with bruxism using digital panoramic radiography.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify surface area changes in the mandible, condylar, and coronoid processes in bruxers compared to non-bruxers.
- To analyze age and gender-matched variations in these skeletal parameters.
- To explore potential correlations between bruxism and specific anatomical alterations.
Main Methods:
- A sample of 40 healthy volunteers (20 bruxers, 20 non-bruxers), aged 20-30, were recruited.
- Bruxism was confirmed using Bruxchecker, and panoramic radiographs were obtained for all participants.
- Image J software was used for measurements, with statistical analysis including ANOVA and t-tests.
Main Results:
- Significant surface area differences were observed in the condylar and coronoid processes between bruxers and non-bruxers.
- The condylar process surface area was lower in bruxers, while the right coronoid process was smaller, and the left coronoid process was larger in bruxers.
- No significant difference in overall mandibular surface area was found between groups, but gender-based variations were noted.
Conclusions:
- Bruxism leads to significant surface area changes in the condylar and coronoid processes, challenging previous notions about masseter muscle involvement.
- Observed increases in coronoid process surface area may indicate altered temporalis muscle activity, potentially explaining associated symptoms like headaches and neck pain.
- This research provides a foundation for future studies on bruxism's neuromuscular aspects and clinical manifestations.
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