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Functional brain anatomy of exercise regulation
1Vascular Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Cereneo center for interdisciplinary research (cefir), Vitznau, Switzerland; Cereneo center for neurology and rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland.
Progress in Brain Research
|November 5, 2018
Summary
Brain imaging studies reveal how the insular cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, basal ganglia, and prefrontal cortex regulate exercise intensity. These brain regions process interoceptive signals and influence motivation, impacting physical activity levels.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Understanding the neural basis of exercise intensity regulation is crucial for optimizing training and performance.
- Recent advancements in brain imaging have significantly expanded knowledge in this field.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize current knowledge on brain mechanisms regulating exercise intensity.
- To focus on insights gained from brain imaging studies.
Main Methods:
- Review of published literature, with a specific emphasis on brain imaging studies.
- Discussion of psychological manipulations influencing exercise intensity and their neural correlates.
Main Results:
- Key brain regions involved include the insular cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, basal ganglia, and prefrontal cortex.
- Interoceptive signals processed in the insular cortex influence motor activity, potentially via the anterior cingulate cortex.
- Prefrontal cortical regions modulate motivation and motor activity through expectancy and valuation processes.
Conclusions:
- Current research provides a foundation for understanding the neural bases of exercise intensity regulation.
- Specific brain structures play distinct roles in processing sensory information, motivation, and cognitive control during exercise.
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