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The Synapse

The Synapse

Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.

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Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Antibody Profiling by Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems LIPS

Antibody Profiling by Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems LIPS

Published on: October 7, 2009

Cleft Lip and Palate.

Mitchell L Worley¹, Krishna G Patel¹, Lauren A Kilpatrick²

¹Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Avenue, MSC 550, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.

Clinics in Perinatology

|November 7, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Orofacial clefts are common birth defects requiring specialized care. Early interventions and surgical repair improve outcomes, but long-term follow-up is crucial for managing associated conditions.

Keywords:

Cleft lip Cleft palate Craniofacial malformations Nasoalveolar molding

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Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

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Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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Area of Science:

Craniofacial surgery
Pediatric medicine
Genetics

Background:

Orofacial clefts are prevalent congenital anomalies.
Genetic and environmental factors contribute to their development.
Feeding difficulties and nutritional challenges are common in affected infants.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the management of orofacial clefts from perinatal care through long-term follow-up.
To highlight early interventions and surgical repair strategies.
To emphasize the need for multidisciplinary care.

Main Methods:

Review of current practices in managing orofacial clefts.
Description of early interventions like lip taping and nasoalveolar molding.
Discussion of surgical repair techniques and their selection criteria.

Main Results:

Early interventions can modify cleft defects preoperatively.
Surgical outcomes depend on the chosen technique and cleft characteristics.
Children with orofacial clefts face risks of middle ear disease, velopharyngeal dysfunction, and malocclusion post-repair.

Conclusions:

Comprehensive management involves perinatal support, surgical correction, and ongoing multidisciplinary care.
Early interventions and appropriate surgical techniques optimize outcomes.
Long-term surveillance is essential to address potential complications and ensure optimal development.