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Updated: Feb 3, 2026
06:58
Electrochemical Etching and Characterization of Sharp Field Emission Points for Electron Impact Ionization
Published on: July 12, 2016
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Secondary electron emission detectors for neutral beam characterization on C-2W
J B Titus1, R M Magee1, I Isakov1
1TAE Technologies, Inc., 19631 Pauling, Foothill Ranch, California 92610, USA.
The Review of Scientific Instruments
|November 8, 2018
Summary
Optimizing neutral beam injection in C-2W field-reversed configuration plasmas minimizes power loss. This ensures efficient heating and fueling, crucial for sustaining plasma discharges.
Area of Science:
- Plasma Physics
- Fusion Energy
- Beam Technology
Background:
- Neutral beam injection is critical for heating, current drive, and fueling C-2W field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas.
- The C-2W device utilizes eight neutral beams, totaling 16.8 MW of electrical power, delivering 15 keV hydrogen neutrals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To maximize the effectiveness of neutral beam injection by minimizing duct losses.
- To achieve optimal beam alignment and current for reduced divergence.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing vertical and horizontal arrays of secondary electron emission detectors to characterize beam profiles.
- Measuring beam profiles on a test stand and using vacuum duct geometry.
- Calculating focal length, divergence, and power loss for each beam.
Main Results:
- Characterization of beam size and alignment using spatially separated molybdenum detectors.
- Calculation of beam parameters including focal length, divergence, and power loss.
- Optimization of the neutral beam set for efficient power injection.
Conclusions:
- Minimized duct losses and optimized beam characteristics are essential for effective neutral beam injection in FRCs.
- The study successfully optimized the neutral beams to inject up to 12 MW of power into the C-2W confinement vessel.
- These optimizations are vital for the sustainment of C-2W FRC plasmas throughout the discharge.
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