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The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
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Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large...
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Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis
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Cherenkov detector analysis for implosions with multiple nuclear reactions.

A B Zylstra1, H W Herrmann1, Y H Kim1

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|November 8, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a method using multiple Cherenkov detectors to distinguish individual fusion reactions, like Deuterium-Tritium (DT) and Helium-3-Tritium (HT) fusion, within inertial fusion implosions. This technique helps analyze complex data from experiments with mixed reactants.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Plasma Physics
  • Fusion Energy Research

Background:

  • Nuclear reactions producing gamma rays are key diagnostics in inertial fusion implosions.
  • Cherenkov detectors are commonly used to measure these gamma rays.
  • Existing methods often combine data from multiple fusion reactions (e.g., DT, HT) occurring simultaneously, complicating analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an analysis technique for deconvoluting individual fusion reaction histories from combined Cherenkov detector data.
  • To enable the study of separated-reactant mix experiments in inertial fusion.
  • To quantify the requirements and uncertainties associated with this multi-detector analysis method.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multiple Cherenkov detectors with distinct energy thresholds.
  • Developed an analysis technique to process data from these thresholded detectors.
  • Employed synthetic data to quantify technique requirements and resulting uncertainties.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the capability to reproduce individual burn histories for distinct fusion reactions (e.g., DT, HT) from combined detector signals.
  • Quantified the necessary conditions for applying this technique effectively.
  • Characterized the analysis uncertainties inherent in the method.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed multi-thresholded Cherenkov detector analysis technique is effective for disentangling individual fusion reaction contributions in inertial fusion.
  • This method is particularly applicable to experiments involving separated reactant mixtures.
  • Understanding the technique's requirements and uncertainties is crucial for accurate data interpretation.