Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

31.0K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
31.0K
DC Battery01:21

DC Battery

1.3K
A conductor needs to be a component of a path that creates a closed loop or full circuit to have a continuous current flowing through it. A current starts to flow if an electric field is created inside an isolated conductor that is not part of a full circuit. The conductor quickly develops a net positive charge at one end and a net negative charge at the other. These charges generate an electric field opposite the direction of the applied electric field, which reduces the current. Eventually,...
1.3K
Air-entraining Agents01:27

Air-entraining Agents

272
Air-entraining agents improve the durability and workability of concrete in climates with frequent freezing and thawing. These agents prevent cracks by introducing small air bubbles into the mix, creating spaces accommodating water expansion when temperatures drop. The air-entraining agents lower the surface tension of water, forming stable, small air bubbles. This method is more effective than having accidental large voids, as the intentional, smaller, and evenly distributed air voids improve...
272
Effects of Air-entrainment in Concrete01:28

Effects of Air-entrainment in Concrete

388
Air entrainment in concrete significantly enhances the material's durability, especially in environments subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. Introducing small air bubbles into the concrete mix acts as internal voids that accommodate the expansion of water when it freezes, thereby alleviating internal stress and preventing structural cracks. This function is crucial in climates with significant freezing and thawing, as it protects the concrete from repeated stresses that could lead to premature...
388
Measurement of Air Content in Concrete01:23

Measurement of Air Content in Concrete

638
Air content measurement in concrete is critical for ensuring structural integrity and durability of concrete structures, especially in environments prone to severe weather conditions. Accurate air content analysis optimizes concrete's resistance to freeze-thaw cycles and enhances its workability and strength. Several methods are standardized under ASTM guidelines to measure the air content in fresh concrete, each suitable for different concrete types and conditions.
The pressure method,...
638
Ions as Acids and Bases02:54

Ions as Acids and Bases

26.4K
Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
26.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Direct Conversion of Metal Carbonates and Bicarbonates to Methanol Over a Cu/ZnO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Catalyst.

ChemSusChem·2026
Same author

Gene Therapy and Diabetes: A Narrative Review of Recent Advances and the Role of Multidisciplinary Healthcare Teams.

Genes·2025
Same author

Assessment of the impact of co-curricular activities on achievement of Doctor of Pharmacy program outcomes.

Currents in pharmacy teaching & learning·2022
Same author

Thread- and Capillary Tube-Based Electrodes for the Detection of Glucose and Acetylthiocholine.

Micromachines·2020
Same author

Production of a NiO/Al primary battery employing powder-based electrodes.

Electrophoresis·2019
Same author

Cord-Based Microfluidic Chips as A Platform for ELISA and Glucose Assays.

Micromachines·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Airflow Velocities in Battery Cooling Systems for Enhanced Thermal Performance and Reduced Energy Consumption
10:36

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Airflow Velocities in Battery Cooling Systems for Enhanced Thermal Performance and Reduced Energy Consumption

Published on: November 3, 2023

2.1K

An Inexpensive Paper-Based Aluminum-Air Battery.

Ani Avoundjian1, Vicente Galvan2, Frank A Gomez3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90032-8202, USA. aavound4@calstatela.edu.

Micromachines
|November 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents an improved, low-cost paper-based aluminum-air battery using potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte, capable of powering small electronic devices like LEDs and medical testers.

Keywords:
alkaline batteryaluminumfuel celllight-emitting diodeopen circuit voltage

More Related Videos

Paper-Based Preconcentration and Isolation of Microvesicles and Exosomes
05:26

Paper-Based Preconcentration and Isolation of Microvesicles and Exosomes

Published on: April 29, 2020

6.7K
Failure Analysis of Batteries Using Synchrotron-based Hard X-ray Microtomography
08:11

Failure Analysis of Batteries Using Synchrotron-based Hard X-ray Microtomography

Published on: August 26, 2015

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Airflow Velocities in Battery Cooling Systems for Enhanced Thermal Performance and Reduced Energy Consumption
10:36

Author Spotlight: Optimization of Airflow Velocities in Battery Cooling Systems for Enhanced Thermal Performance and Reduced Energy Consumption

Published on: November 3, 2023

2.1K
Paper-Based Preconcentration and Isolation of Microvesicles and Exosomes
05:26

Paper-Based Preconcentration and Isolation of Microvesicles and Exosomes

Published on: April 29, 2020

6.7K
Failure Analysis of Batteries Using Synchrotron-based Hard X-ray Microtomography
08:11

Failure Analysis of Batteries Using Synchrotron-based Hard X-ray Microtomography

Published on: August 26, 2015

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Traditional batteries face limitations in cost, portability, and simplicity.
  • Paper-based batteries offer a promising low-cost and portable alternative.
  • Aluminum-air batteries are a viable option for low-power applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate an improved and inexpensive paper-based aluminum-air battery.
  • To optimize device dimensions, electrode size, and electrolyte concentration for enhanced performance.
  • To assess the battery's capability to power small electronic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of paper-based aluminum-air batteries.
  • Optimization of device parameters including dimensions and electrode size.
  • Electrolyte concentration adjustment using potassium hydroxide (KOH).
  • Performance testing for amperage and power output.
  • Evaluation of the battery's ability to power various small devices.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a maximum amperage of 17.4 mA and maximum power of 3.0 mW.
  • Optimized battery configuration involved a 9 cm² device with specific anode and cathode areas.
  • 1.5 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) concentration yielded optimal results.
  • Demonstrated successful powering of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), a flashlight, a glucometer, and a pregnancy test in series configuration.

Conclusions:

  • The developed paper-based aluminum-air battery is an effective and inexpensive power source for small devices.
  • Optimization of design parameters and electrolyte concentration is crucial for maximizing performance.
  • This technology holds potential for applications in portable electronics and low-power medical devices.