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Usefulness of the Adipokines as Biomarkers of Ischemic Cardiac Dysfunction
Larisa-Diana Mocan Hognogi1,2, Cerasela-Mihaela Goidescu1,2, Anca-Daniela Farcaş1,2
1Internal Medicine Department, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Insights
Cardiovascular disease diagnosis can be improved by understanding the role of inflammation and adipokines. Research is identifying new biomarkers to detect early cardiac distress and refine risk assessments.
Area of Science:
- Biomolecular science
- Immunology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death, often misdiagnosed due to unclear criteria.
- Inflammation and adipokines play critical roles in all stages of coronary artery disease (CAD).
- Thoracic fat deposits contribute to a local proatherogenic environment, influencing CAD development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of adipokines and inflammation in coronary artery disease.
- To explore the influence of regional fat deposits on atherosclerosis.
- To identify novel biomarkers for early detection of subclinical cardiac distress.
Main Methods:
- Review of advances in biomolecular science related to inflammation and adipokines.
- Analysis of the interaction between the immune system, metabolic risk factors, and atherosclerotic lesions.
- Focus on uncovering new biomarkers for cardiovascular risk assessment.
Main Results:
- Adipokines are key mediators in the development and progression of coronary artery disease.
- Immune system and metabolic factors, influenced by adipokines, promote atherosclerotic lesion formation.
- Thoracic fat depots create a local environment that exacerbates atherosclerosis.
Conclusions:
- Understanding adipokine and inflammation roles is crucial for improving cardiovascular disease diagnosis.
- New biomarkers are needed to enhance the detection of subclinical cardiac distress.
- Biomarkers can add significant value to current cardiovascular risk assessment guidelines.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among both women and men, but there is still a great percentage of misdiagnosis and lack of clearly defined criteria. Advances in biomolecular science have proven the crucial role of inflammation and, more importantly, the role of adipokines in mediating all stages of coronary artery disease. It has also been suggested that regional fat deposits, more precisely from thoracic region, have a major influence on the development of coronary artery disease by creating a local proatherogenic environment. The immune system closely interacts with metabolic risk factors to initiate, promote, and further aggravate the atherosclerotic lesions on the arterial wall all with the "help" of adipokines. So nowadays, research extensively focuses on uncovering biomarkers that would provide an increased chance of detecting subclinical cardiac distress and also add a consistent value to current guideline-imposed risk criteria.
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